Hakan BAKAR\/S\u0130VAS-BHA\n
Sivas\u2019ta Cumhuriyetin 100.Y\u0131l etkinlikleri kapsam\u0131nda Sivas Valili\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen etkinlikler ile birlikte, turizm alan\u0131nda Sivas\u2019ta gezilecek, g\u00f6r\u00fclecek do\u011fa harikalar\u0131, co\u011frafi i\u015faretli \u00fcr\u00fcnler ve i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan r\u00f6portajlar\u0131nda i\u00e7erisinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cCumhuriyetin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas\u201d Dergisi yay\u0131nlanarak Sivas\u2019\u0131n bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.\n
Sivas Valili\u011finin katk\u0131lar\u0131yla, Gazeteci Hakan Bakar taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan \u2018Cumhuriyetin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas\u2019 Dergisi okuyucular taraf\u0131ndan tam not ald\u0131.\n
\u201cCumhuriyetin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas\u2019 Dergisinde Sivas\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli isimlerinden biri olan Mimar Do\u00e7. Dr. U\u011fur Tuzta\u015f\u0131\u2019da bir yaz\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131.\n
Sivas Cumhuriyet \u00dcniversitesi (SC\u00dc) Mimarl\u0131k, G\u00fczel Sanatlar ve Tasar\u0131m Fak\u00fcltesi Mimarl\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0 Anabilim Dal\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. U\u011fur Tuzta\u015f\u0131,\u00a0 \u2018Cumhuriyet D\u00f6neminde Mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131\u2019 \u00fczerine yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 herkesin okumas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ederek, \u201cCumhuriyetin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas\u201d dergisi hakk\u0131nda \u015fu ifadelere yer verdi.\n
\u201cCumhuriyetin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas\u2019 dergisi yay\u0131nland\u0131. Hakan Bakar\u2019\u0131n edit\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, Sivas Valili\u011finin katk\u0131lar\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan dergide Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l programlar\u0131, \u015fehrin sanayi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dinamikleriyle ilgili at\u0131l\u0131mlar tan\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dergide ayr\u0131ca beninde \u015fehrin y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k mimari birikimini k\u0131sa bir de\u011ferlendirdim. tabu bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra SivAS2ta ki do\u011fa turizmi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan G\u00f6kp\u0131nar ve Y\u0131ld\u0131z \u015felalesi gibi \u00f6rneklerde yer almaktad\u0131r. Yine co\u011frafi i\u015faretli tescilli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde i\u00e7erisinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Cumhuriyetin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas dergisi herkesin be\u011fenisini kazand\u0131. Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l kapsam\u0131nda bu t\u00fcrden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in cesaretlendirici bir yay\u0131n olan dergi de eme\u011fi ge\u00e7enleri kutlar\u0131z.\u201d ifadelerine verdi.\n
S\u0130VAS\u2019TA CUMHUR\u0130YET D\u00d6NEM\u0130 M\u0130MARLI\u011eININ Y\u00dcZYILI \u00dcZER\u0130NE
\nU\u011fur TUZTA\u015eI\n
Sivas\u2019ta Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k perspektifi de\u011ferlendirmeye al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kentsel \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki de\u011fi\u015fimleri belirleyen en \u00f6nemli etkenlerden biri de, Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul\u2019dan sonras\u0131nda da ba\u015fkent Ankara\u2019dan yap\u0131lan mimari aktar\u0131mlard\u0131r. Bu aktar\u0131mlar\u0131n mimari ortam\u0131 nas\u0131l \u015fekillendirdi\u011finin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kan\u0131t\u0131 tabi ki kent meydan\u0131d\u0131r. T\u0131pk\u0131 di\u011fer Anadolu kentlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi \u0130stasyon Caddesi ve o aks\u0131n ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131, Sivas\u2019ta Erken Cumhuriyet\u2019ten d\u00f6neminden ba\u015flayarak, 1980\u2019lere var\u0131ncaya kadar Modernizm\u2019in uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir. Gelin isterseniz bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcrecine g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.\n
13. y\u00fczy\u0131lda idari i\u015flevi an\u0131tsal yap\u0131larla tan\u0131mlanan ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Sivas H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131, A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Kale olarak bilinen ve Saray\u00f6n\u00fc ad\u0131yla da an\u0131lan geleneksel kent \u00e7ekirde\u011finin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bu alanda ilk de\u011fi\u015fim, 1885\u2019te H\u00fck\u00fcmet Kona\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n in\u015fa edilmesiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ard\u0131ndan 1892\u2019de idadi binas\u0131n\u0131n (Atat\u00fcrk ve Kongre M\u00fczesi) ve 1908\u2019de Jandarma Dairesi binas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla alan\u0131n hem idari merkez olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 hem de boyutsal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n peki\u015ftirilmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak alan\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc izle\u011fine en yak\u0131n bi\u00e7imsel d\u00fczene\u011fi, Vali Muammer Bey\u2019in d\u00f6neminde (1913-1917 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda) yap\u0131lan imar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Vali Muammer Bey\u2019in meydandaki uygulamalar\u0131, etraftaki harap binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve alan\u0131n yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesini i\u00e7ermektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, iki katl\u0131 olarak in\u015fa edilen H\u00fck\u00fcmet Kona\u011f\u0131\u2019na 1915\u2019te \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kat\u0131 eklenmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 alanda, Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6nemi eserlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kapatan harabe binalar y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yollar ta\u015f d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015f, H\u00fck\u00fcmet Kona\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc, ortas\u0131nda bir havuzun oldu\u011fu bah\u00e7e \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenerek geni\u015f bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sivas\u2019ta 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 daha \u00e7ok modern binalar\u0131n sahneye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nem olsa da, meydan civar\u0131nda, t\u0131pk\u0131 Ankara- Ulus merkezindeki binalar\u0131n \u00fcslubuna benzer \u015fekilde \u201cBirinci Milli Mimarl\u0131k\u201d \u00fcslubuyla in\u015fa edilen binalar vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin S\u0131hhiye binas\u0131, Vilayet Matbaas\u0131 binas\u0131, Halkevi binas\u0131 gibi yap\u0131lar alandaki konumlan\u0131\u015f\u0131 itibariyle benzer bir mek\u00e2nsal izlek sunar. Ancak \u00f6zellikle 1930\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda demiryolu hatt\u0131n\u0131n Sivas\u2019a ula\u015fmas\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda, y\u00f6netici merkezin en k\u0131sa yoldan tren gar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan yeni arter \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fmedir. Daha \u00f6nce do\u011fu ve kuzey ekseninde geli\u015fen kent, H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131\u2019ndan ba\u015flayan ve tren gar\u0131na ula\u015fan \u0130stasyon Caddesi aks\u0131 ile 1930\u2019dan sonra bat\u0131ya do\u011fru geli\u015fecektir. 1950\u2019lere kadar olan s\u00fcre\u00e7te arterin bat\u0131 ucu, daha \u00e7ok istasyon hizmet binalar\u0131, Cer At\u00f6lyesi ve dikimevinin de etkisiyle kentin sanayi b\u00f6lgesi olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki, bu geli\u015fme sonraki y\u0131llarda da s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1966\u2019da Karayollar\u0131 16. B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 1967\u2019de Toprak-Su B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve 1976\u2019da DS\u0130 19. B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019ne ait yerle\u015fkeler, 1980\u2019lerde ise Beton Travers kentin bat\u0131 yakas\u0131na ta\u015fra te\u015fkilatlar\u0131 olarak konumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
K\u0131saca 1930-1950 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda modernite projesinin kente n\u00fcfuz etti\u011fi \u0130stasyon Caddesi, zaman i\u00e7erisinde modern amp-img width='1.33' height='1' layout='responsive'elerin deneyim alan\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. 1950\u2019li y\u0131llara gelindi\u011finde ise art\u0131k Sivas H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131\u2019na a\u00e7\u0131lan \u0130stasyon Caddesi\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, yeni a\u00e7\u0131lan Sel\u00e7uklu Yolu, Osman Pa\u015fa Caddesi, Atat\u00fcrk Caddesi, Kepenek Caddesi, K\u0131\u015fla\/Hastane Caddesi, Mehmet Pa\u015fa Caddesi \/ Hapishane Caddesi, Ta\u015fl\u0131 Sokak gibi caddelerle meydan\u0131n kamusal i\u015flevi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015ftir. 1950\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ortas\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen Numune Hastanesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ise Kabakyaz\u0131s\u0131 hatt\u0131 da modern mimarinin sahnelenece\u011fi kentsel bir alana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecektir. Bu noktada End\u00fcstri Meslek kamp\u00fcs\u00fc iyi bir \u00f6rnektir. \u00d6te yandan, meydan da 1960\u2019larda Belediye binas\u0131n\u0131n, 1970\u2019lerin ortalar\u0131na da do\u011fru H\u00fck\u00fcmet Kona\u011f\u0131 hizmet binalar\u0131yla in\u015fa edilmesiyle birlikte modern mimari an\u0131tsal \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n
Toparlanacak olursa; H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131\u2019ndan tren gar\u0131na do\u011fru do\u011fu-bat\u0131 ekseninde uzanan \u0130stasyon Caddesi aks\u0131, 1930-1950 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kurulum evresini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve 1950\u2019den sonra 1980\u2019lere kadar kamu yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve apartmanlarla geli\u015fimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Cadde, 1930-1980\u2019e kadar Halkevi, Tan Sinemas\u0131, Sivas Lisesi Pansiyonu, Esen Sinemas\u0131, Tekel binas\u0131, Vali konutu gibi binalarla fiziksel geli\u015fimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda SSK Hastanesi, Vergi Dairesi binas\u0131 da bir kamu yap\u0131s\u0131 olarak alana yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6nemin konutlar\u0131na da k\u0131saca de\u011finilecek olursa; Sivas\u2019ta modernle\u015fme prati\u011fi do\u011frultusunda tasarlanan yeni konutlar\u0131n DDY yerle\u015fkesinin etkisiyle \u015fekillendi\u011fi muhakkak. Ancak devlet eliyle in\u015fa edilen bu \u00f6rneklerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda modern apartman tipolojisinin ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi, 1938\u2019de in\u015fa edilen Emek Apartman\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Emek Apartman\u0131\u2019ndan sonra \u0130stasyon Caddesi aks\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen apartmanlar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok mimar-m\u00fc\u015fteri ili\u015fkileri \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. 1950\u2019lerden itibaren 5 kat y\u00fcksekli\u011finde ve biti\u015fik nizamda in\u015fa edilen konutlar, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda 7 kata kadar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olup, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise baz\u0131 parsellerde 9 katl\u0131 uygulamalar dahi g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Bug\u00fcn arter \u00fczerinde zemin ve birinci katlarda ticaret, \u00fcst katlarda ise konuttan olu\u015fan bir i\u015flevsel d\u00fczenek bulunmaktad\u0131r.\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak, H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kentsel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte tutarl\u0131 bir tav\u0131rla organize olan kentsel dil, mek\u00e2nsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc 1970\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1980\u2019den sonra ise, Modernizm arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u015fekillenen kentsel i\u00e7erik, deformasyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Caddenin do\u011fu ucu, yani H\u00fck\u00fcmet Meydan\u0131 2009\u2019da kapsaml\u0131 bir yenilemeden ge\u00e7erek orta\u00e7a\u011f \u00e7ekirde\u011fini olu\u015fturan yap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve alandaki medreseler, g\u00fcncel ihtiya\u00e7lar do\u011frultusunda yeniden i\u015flevlendirilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise y\u0131k\u0131lan Orduevi\u2019nin yerine yap\u0131lan 4 Eyl\u00fcl Meydan\u0131 projesini, Eski stadyum alan\u0131na ve yine y\u0131k\u0131lan Numune Hastanesi\u2019nin yerine yap\u0131lan Millet Bah\u00e7esi gibi kentsel tasar\u0131m \u00f6rneklerindeki yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da amp-img width='1.33' height='1' layout='responsive'eselli\u011fi hedefleyen tav\u0131rlar olarak g\u00f6rebiliriz. Neticede, Sivas\u2019ta 1930\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak, Tren gar\u0131, Tekel \u0130nhisarlar binas\u0131, 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda PTT binas\u0131, 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda Numune Hastanesi, Yal\u00e7\u0131n Sinemas\u0131 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Sivas Belediye Binas\u0131, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda H\u00fck\u00fcmet Kona\u011f\u0131, 1980\u2019li Y\u0131llarda K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi gibi \u00f6rneklerle kentsel i\u00e7eri\u011fe dahil edilen modern mimari imajlar, 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Aynal\u0131 \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131 gibi postmodern bir mimari imaj k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne evrilmi\u015ftir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar, 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Sivas Kongre ve Fuar Merkezi (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Sivas Bilim ve Teknoloji \u00dcniversitesi binas\u0131), 2020\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131nda da ise y\u0131k\u0131m ve yeniden in\u015fa prati\u011fiyle \u015fekillenen meydan ve an\u0131t d\u00fczenleme projeleriyle amp-img width='1.33' height='1' layout='responsive'esel ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n arand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mimarl\u0131k ortam\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\n
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\u00a0\n","created_at":"2024-01-09T09:36:07.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-01-09T09:36:07.000000Z"}